Milk Thistle
水飞蓟 (Shuǐ Fēi Jì) · Silybum marianum
The gold standard for liver support supplements. Contains silymarin, a potent antioxidant compound that protects liver cells from damage and supports detoxification.
适用于
主要功效
Protects liver cells from damage
Clinical trials show benefit in alcoholic liver disease and hepatitis
Supports liver regeneration
Silymarin stimulates protein synthesis in liver cells, promoting regeneration
Antioxidant protection
Silymarin is 10x more potent than vitamin E as a liver antioxidant
May reduce insulin resistance
Trials in diabetic patients show improved fasting glucose and HbA1c
服用方法
安全性与相互作用
可能的副作用
- Very well tolerated — one of the safest herbs
- Mild laxative effect in some
- Rare: allergic reaction in people allergic to ragweed family
禁忌人群
- Allergy to Asteraceae/Compositae family (ragweed, daisies)
- Hormone-sensitive conditions (weak estrogenic effect at very high doses)
药物相互作用
- May affect CYP enzymes — theoretical concern with many drugs
- Diabetes medications — may potentiate blood sugar lowering
- Statins — may provide additive liver protection (beneficial interaction)
传统用途
Not a traditional TCM herb — Western origin. However, Shui Fei Ji (水飞蓟) is now included in Chinese pharmacopoeia. Used in European folk medicine since ancient Greece for liver and gallbladder complaints. The Roman historian Pliny the Elder recommended it for bile.
现代研究
Over 1,400 studies. Silymarin complex (silybin, silychristin, silydianin) provides hepatoprotection through multiple mechanisms: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and cell-regenerating. Used as emergency treatment for death cap mushroom (Amanita) poisoning in hospitals.
在PubMed查看研究 →Where to Buy
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